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Kokei sanshou@ŒΥŒkŽOΞ
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Ch:Huxi sanxiao. An allegory in which three Eastern Jin “ŒW literati realize by accident that spiritual purity cannot be measured by artificial boundaries. One day the poet Tao Yuanming (Jp:*Tou Enmei “©•£–Ύ) and the Taoist Lu Xiujing (Jp: Riku Shuusei —€CΓ, 406-477) traveled to the Donglin temple (Jp:Tourinji “Œ—ΡŽ›) on Mt. Lu (Jp: Rozan œIŽR) to visit the Buddhist theologian Huiyuan (Jp:Eon Œd‰“, 334-416) who lived there as a recluse, vowing never to cross the stone bridge over the Tiger Ravine Kokei ŒΥŒk that marked the boundary of the sanctuary. After an evening together, Huiyuan accompanied his friends as they left the temple. Deeply absorbed in conversation, Huiyuan inadvertently walked with them across the Tiger Ravine bridge. When the men realized what had happened they broke out in spontaneous laughter -- hence the title of the anecdote Kokei sanshou (The Three Laughers of the Tiger Ravine). It is this moment that is usually depicted in paintings. The story probably originated with the late Tang Chan (Jp:Zen ‘T) poet Guanxiu (Jp:Kankyuu ŠΡ‹x, 832-912). Variations on the theme stress that the three men represent China's three creeds --- Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism --- and that in the instant that they crossed the bridge all were enlightened in that they realized narrow adherence to one philosophy or religion was contrary to true wisdom. In this way the theme is related to the similarly ecumenical subjects *Sankyou ŽO‹³ and *sansan-zu ŽOŽ_}. Notable illustrations include works by Ma Yuan (Jp: Ba En ”n‰“, late 12c), and, in Japan, by Chuuan Shinkou ’‡ˆΐ^N (mid-15c), Shoukei ΛŒ[ (late 15c, Daitokuji Kohouan ‘ε“ΏŽ›ŒΗˆ§ˆΑ), Kanou Sanraku Žλ–μŽRŠy (1559-1635, Myoushinji –­SŽ›) and Ike no Taiga ’r‘ε‰λ (1723-76, Manpukuji δέ•ŸŽ›), Kyoto.
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.@No reproduction or republication without written permission.
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