tsubai bussho　椿井仏所

KEY WORD :　art histotry / sculptures

Also written 津波井仏所. A guild of Buddhist sculptors *busshi 仏師 active in Nara *nanto busshi 南都仏師 from the mid-14 to 16c, named after their location in Koufukuji Tsubaigou 興福寺椿井郷. It was believed to have been founded by *Keiha 慶派 sculptors who formed an independent workshop *bussho 仏所. Among the best known tsubai bussho sculptors were Kankei 覚慶, Keishuu 慶秀, Shunkei 舜慶, and Shunkei 春慶, who were especially renowned for their technical skill. The earliest surviving statue is Kisshoutenzou 吉祥天像 (1340) in Koufukuji by Kankei. Keishuu 慶秀 is recorded as having worked on restoration of the Juuichimen Kannonzou 十一面観音像 in Kasuga Jinguuji 春日神宮寺 (1368). Another work by this group is a Monju Bosatsuzou 文殊菩薩像 (1378) Joudoji 浄土寺 in Hiroshima prefecture, bearing an ink signature 'Nanto Tsubai-saku' 南都津波居作. In the 15c the workshops *takama bussho 高間仏所, nobori-ooji bussho 登大路仏所, and fujiyama bussho 富士山仏所 are thought to have emerged as offshoots of tsubai bussho but all declined during the 16c, when the *shukuin bussho 宿院仏所 became dominant. Tsubai bussho continued production on a reduced scale until the Edo period.

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