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chouzubachi@Žθ…”«
KEY WORD :@architecture / gardens
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Lit. hand water bowl. A water basin used to rinse the hands or as a decorative element in gardens: usually made of stone, although there are rare bronze or ceramic examples. The basin plays important functional, symbolic and artistic roles in the tea gathering chakai ’ƒ‰ο. Before entering the tearoom *chashitsu ’ƒŽΊ, guests rinse their hands and mouths at the chouzubachi, a practice adopted from the Shinto custom of purifying oneself with water before entering a shrine.@The combination of chouzubachi and attendant stones in rustic *souan ‘ˆΑ style tea gardens *roji ˜I’n is called *tsukubai ηLζυ. In tsukubai, the stone water basin is usually low and often made from a natural stone. The combination of chouzubachi and attendant stones near the verandah in *shoin ‘‰@ style tea gardens is called hachimae ”«‘O. The hachimae chouzubachi ”«‘OŽθ…”« are tall and cylindrical, and are usually called *ensaki chouzubachi ‰ζŽθ…”«. Chouzubachi made of cut stones which previously had a different function, for example as part of building or lanterns, are known as *mitatemono chouzubachi Œ©—§•¨Žθ…”«. A good example of mitatemono chouzubachi are basins with Buddhist images on each side, made from the base stone *soseki ‘bΞ, shaft touhin “ƒg, and coping *kasa Š} of old stone pagodas *sekitou Ξ“ƒ. Water basins made from natural stones are called *shizenseki chouzubachi Ž©‘RΞŽθ…”«. A third type, termed creative water basins or sousaku chouzubachi ‘nμŽθ…”«, were expressly crafted as water@basins. Chouzubachi acquired names based on physical resemblance or on metaphorical association. For example, natural chouzubachi in a conical shape are called Fuji-type *fujigata chouzubachi •xŽmŒ`Žθ…”«, those resembling the character "ichi" ˆκ are called *ichimonji ˆκ•ΆŽš, those thought to resemble boats are called *funagata chouzubachi MŒ`Žθ…”« or boat type, those resembling kimono ’…•¨ sleeves are called *sodegata chouzubachi ‘³Œ`Žθ…”«, while those resembling a broken jar are called *shibaonkougata chouzubachi Ži”n‰·ŒφŒ`Žθ…”« after the story of Sima Guang (Jp; *Shiba Kou Ži”nŒφ). In all cases, the defining feature of the chouzubachi is the waterpool *mizuana …ŒŠ, present in both functional and decorative examples. The word chouzubachi is sometimes abbreviated to mizubachi …”«.
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REFERENCES:
*hachimae-no-ishigumi ”«‘O‚̐Αg,
EXTERNAL LINKS: 
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NOTES
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