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hondou@–{“°
KEY WORD :@architecture / buildings & structures
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Lit. main hall. A Buddhist hall housing the principal images most revered by the particular sect of a temple. The use of the term hondou became prevalent after the rise of the new esoteric sects; Tendai “V‘ä, and Shingon ^Œ¾, in the 9c. The term hondou is thought to have originated from the desire to avoid the use of the word *kondou ‹à“°, which was, at the time, associated with the six sects, rokushuu ˜Z@, that had flourished in Nara in 6c-8c. The hondou deviated from the plans of the kondou by establishing a less rigid arrangement. The interior became accessible to the devotee and a wore Japanese style was adopted. The natural timber buildings with cypress-bark shingled roofing *hiwadabuki •O”畘, had plank flooring either throughout the building or in the worship hall *gejin ŠOw, in the front area inside the building, which allowed people to pray sitting on the floor in Japanese fashion. Some sanctuaries had a hard packed earthen floor *doma “yŠÔ, but others had plank flooring. The structure also had a hidden roof *noyane –쉮ª, which was first used over the aisles *hisashi ›ù, in Houryuuji *Daikoudou –@—²Ž›‘åu“° (rebuilt 994) in Nara. By the end of the Heian period, many buildings besides the hondou had hidden-roof structures obscured by the installation of ceilings *tenjou “Vˆä. Sliding lattice screens to separate the worship area from the sanctuary became universal in the hondou of esoteric temples. Examples: Taimadera “––ƒŽ› Hondou (*Mandaradou ™Ö䶗…“°; 1161) in Nara ; Choujuji ’·ŽõŽ› Hondou (13c) in Shiga prefecture ; Myoutuuji –¾’ÊŽ› Hondou (1258) in Fukui prefecture ; Takisanji ‘êŽRŽ› Hondou (14c) in Aichi prefecture ; Chikurinji ’|—ÑŽ› Hondou (1469-1487) in Kouchi prefecture ; Enryakuji ‰„— *Konpon chuudou ª–{’†“° (1640) in Shiga prefecture, retained the doma style flooring and hard-packed earthen floor in the sacred area, and plank flooring in the worship space.
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Takisanji Hondou ‘êŽRŽ›–{“° (Aichi)
Takisanji Hondou ‘êŽRŽ›–{“° (Aichi)

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