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zounai nounyuuhin@‘œ“ΰ”[“ό•i
KEY WORD :@art history / sculptures
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Also nounyuuhin ”[“ό•i, tainai nounyuuhin ‘Ω“ΰ”[“ό•i, tainai nounyuubutsu ‘Ω“ΰ”[“ό•¨. Objects found in the inner hollow of a Buddhist statue. There are a great variety of zounai nounyuuhin, and items including written documentation have been especially useful to scholars investigating the origin and history of Buddhist figures. Paper items include: prayers recorded in writing by the donor of the statue, zouryuu ganmon ‘’—§Šθ•Ά; names of petitioners aspiring to the Buddhist faith, kechien koumyouchou Œ‹‰Œπ–Ό’ ; copies of sutras; and Buddhist prints, *inbutsu ˆσ•§ and *suribotoke  •§. Wooden items include plaques bearing the sculptor's signature, date, and other information about construction; miniature stupas *gorintou Œά—Φ“ƒ; and small Buddhist figures *tainaibutsu ‘Ω“ΰ•§. There are also reliquaries made of crystal, precious metals, stone or lacquer, containing bones of the Buddha *shari ŽΙ—˜. Other zounai nounyuuhin include glass vessels, coins, jewels, mirrors, fabrics, grain, medicine, and household items. The Seiryouji Shaka nyoraizou ΄™yŽ›Žί‰ή”@—ˆ‘œ, Kyoto, brought from China in 987, contains paintings and other artifacts, as well as a silk-fabric model of Buddha's inner organs *gozou roppu Œά‘Ÿ˜ZδD. Sutras and relics inside a figure are believed to give the statue its soul, investing it with the spirit of a living being, a concept known as shoujin shisou ΆgŽv‘z. Early Japanese examples are the Yakushi nyoraizou –ςŽt”@—ˆ‘œ in Toushoudaiji *Kondou “‚΅’ηŽ›‹ΰ“°, Nara, which has coins enclosed in the skirts of the statue, and the Senju Kannonzou ηŽθŠΟ‰Ή‘œ in Touji Jikidou “ŒŽ›H“°, Kyoto, where relics are contained in the *byakugou ”’Ÿ| (forehead curl), and cypress fans hiougi •Oξ in carved out hollows under the arms. In wooden statuary, hollowing techniques *uchiruri “ΰ™Š, and building figures from hollow joined blocks *yoseki-zukuri Šρ–Ψ‘’, developed during the Heian period, making large spaces in the bellies of the statue available for zounai nounyuuhin. This culminated in the Kamakura period, when the quantity and variety of examples are greatest. The Juuichimen Kannonzou \ˆκ–ΚŠΟ‰Ή‘œ in Housekidera •σΟŽ›, Kyoto, and the Amida Sanzonzou ˆ’–ν‘ΙŽO‘Έ‘œ in Ankokuji ˆΐ‘Ž›, Hiroshima prefecture, contain a range of petitions and written documents. Representative collections of zounai nounyuuhin are found in Kamakura period statues in Saidaiji Ό‘εŽ›, Nara, such as the Aizen Myouou ˆ€υ–Ύ‰€ (1247), Shaka nyoraizou Žί‰ή”@—ˆ‘œ (1249), and Monju Bosatsu kishizou •ΆŽκ•μŽF‹RŽ‚‘œ (1293). In the Kamakura *Daibutsu Š™‘q‘啧, a bronze seated *Amida ˆ’–ν‘Ι figure of 11.4m (13c), where worshippers can physically enter the statue, and a ladder leads up into the head where there is a small image and shrine.
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.@No reproduction or republication without written permission.
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