Takumaha　宅磨派

KEY WORD :　art history / paintings

Also written 託磨派 and 宅間派. One of the schools of *ebusshi 絵仏師, priest-painters specializing in Buddhist subjects, active during the Kamakura period. Originally Takuma Shouga 宅磨勝賀(fl.ca.1168-1209) was thought to be the founder of this school, but now it is believed that his father, Tametoo 為遠 (fl.ca.1132-74), should be credited with that position. Tametou was appointed magistrate of Buzen 豊前 (current-day Fukuoka prefecture), but his painting skills allowed him to give up his post and enter the priesthood. It was then that he began to use the name Shouchi 勝智 and was given the title of houin 法印 (see *soui 僧位). It is recorded that Tametou painted at Daidenpouin 大伝法院 on Mt. Kouya 高野 in 1132, for a memorial service of a Buddhist nun from the imperial family in 1174, and that he painted Song style Buddhist subjects for the Shingon 真言 and Tendai 天台 sects. Among his many followers were his sons Shouga and Tamehisa 為久 (fl.ca.1184/5), Shunga 俊賀 (fl.ca.1201-31) and Ryouga 良賀 (fl.ca.1202-17). Shouga was closely connected with the famous priests Myoue 明恵 and Jounin 成忍 at Kouzanji 高山寺, and with two other Kyoto temples, Jingoji 神護寺 and Touji 東寺. He is credited with painting the *juuniten 十二天 screens (1191) at Jingoji and the *Ryoukai mandara 両界曼荼羅 at Touji. The school seems to have died out in the late 14c. Artists of the Takuma school painted in a new style which employed vigorous ink lines, varying in width, cool color tones and thin layers of paint; a style notably different from the bright colors and thick pigments popular with the contemporary *Koseha 巨勢派 artists.

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