hokusou sansuigashiki teien　北宋山水画式庭園

KEY WORD :　architecture / gardens

Lit. gardens in the style of Northern Song landscape painting. A modern term that stresses the compositional similarities between Japanese Muromachi period gardens and Chinese Song dynasty painting. By the middle of the Muromachi period, landscapes by leading Northern Song (Jp; Hokusou 北宋) painters such as Dong Yuan (Jp; Tou Gen 董源) , Yen Wengui (Jp; En Bunki 燕文貴) , and Li Tang (Jp; Ri Tou 李唐), were collected in Japan. The emphasis on dramatic vertical compositions, effects of deep space, hard outlines, and the monochromatic palette of Northern Song landscape paintings is echoed in several Muromachi period dry landscape *karesansui 枯山水 gardens at Zen temples. Oft-cited examples of hokusou sansuigashiki teien include the gardens attributed to the painter Sesshuu 雪舟 (1420-1506) at Joueiji 常栄寺 in Yamaguchi prefecture, and at Manpukuji 万福寺 and Ikouji 医光寺 in Shimane prefecture, well as the famous garden attributed to Kogaku Soukan 古岳宗亘 (1465-1548) and the painter Souami 相阿弥 ( ? -1525) at the Daisen-in 大仙院 at Daitokuji大徳寺 in Kyoto. A related but more general term is *suiboku sansuigashiki teien 水墨山水画式庭園.

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