kyoto busshi 　京都仏師
CATEGORY:　art history / sculptures
　
Also kyoubusshi 京仏師. Buddhist sculptors *busshi 仏師 associated with workshops *bussho 仏所 in Kyoto, active from the 11-14c. The term is used in contrast to Nara sculptors *nara busshi 奈良仏師 and *nanto busshi 南都仏師. The most important Kyoto busshi consisted of two sculpture schools called *Enpa 円派 and *Inpa 院派. They were independently run (ie. not government-managed), and produced statues commissioned by the Imperial court, nobility, and Buddhist temples. The En-pa, who often used the character 'En' 円 in their names, are thought to be descended from Jouchou's 定朝 (?-1057) pupil Chousei 長勢 (1010-91). Their workshop was known as *sanjou bussho 三条仏所 because of its location in Kyoto's Sanjou 三条 district. The Inpa, said to have been founded by Jouchou's pupil Kakujo 覚助 (?-1077), often used the character 'In' 院 in sculptors' names. Inpa had workshops in Kyoto's Shichijou-Ooniya *shichijou oomiya bussho 七条仏所 and Rokujou madenokouji *rokujou madenokouji bussho 六条万里小路仏所. In the late Heian period (11-12c) kyoto busshi held a dominant position in Japanese Buddhist statuary, producing large numbers of figures in a gentle style based on Jouchou's *Jouchouyou 定朝様. Good examples include: the Nikkou Gakkou 日光・月光 figures (1064) by Enpa sculptor Chousei 長勢 (1010-91) in Kouryuuji 広隆寺, and the seated Amida Nyorai 阿弥陀如来 (1130) in Houkongouin 法金剛院, both in Kyoto, believed to be by Inkaku 院覚 . In the early Kamakura period (13c), some critics felt that kyoto busshi statues had become staid, and other schools such as *Keiha 慶派, supported by the Kamakura government, became dominant.
　
　

　
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